Air quality and health risks of residents living near a landfill site in Durban, South Africa

Abstract

Background: Landfills are globally recognised as significant environmental and public health risks. Their emissions contribute to air and water contamination. However, research in the South African context remains limited.

Aim: To assess community perceptions of air quality and health impacts of living near a landfill site.

Setting: The study was conducted in Durban, South Africa.

Methods: The study employed a cross-sectional survey design. A structured survey questionnaire was used to collect data from a sample of residents (n = 154). Survey interviews were administered in English and isiZulu. Survey data were captured on Microsoft^® Excel for descriptive statistical analysis.

Results: The analysis revealed that 72% of respondents rated air quality as poor or very poor, with the landfill site identified as the primary contributor (77%). Seasonal variations were evident, with summer perceived as the season of worst air quality (45%). Awareness of environmental rights and engagement in formal environmental activities were low, with 93% of respondents not participating in any environmental group. Common behavioural responses included shutting windows (60%) and limiting outdoor activities (17%), while 75% of respondents advocated relocation of either the landfill site or the community to address these concerns.

Conclusion: The findings underscore the urgent need for stronger community engagement, targeted awareness campaigns and interventions to address environmental and health challenges near landfill sites.

Contribution: This study advances public health in Africa by highlighting the environmental and health risks of landfill sites and highlighting the need for targeted interventions in affected communities.