Surveillance de la rougeole en Côte d’Ivoire de 2010 à 2022: Épidémiologie – Facteurs associés – Recommandations

Abstract

Measles surveillance in Côte d’Ivoire from 2010 to 2022: Epidemiology – Associated factors – recommendations.
Background: In 2011, African countries planned to eliminate measles by 2020. Since this goal was not achieved, what was the epidemiological profile of measles in Côte d’Ivoire from 2010 to 2022?
Aim: To assess the epidemiological situation of measles in Côte d’Ivoire from 2010 to 2022.
Setting: Côte d’Ivoire, a country in West Africa.
Methods: Retrospective cross-sectional study of measles surveillance data from 2010 to 2022. These data were obtained from health district reports and biological diagnosis by the l’Institut Pasteur de Côte d’Ivoire (IPCI). We analysed the data and created maps using R4.2.1 and ArcGIS 10.7 software.
Results: A total of 6584 (24.3%) confirmed cases were reported out of 27 090 notifications between 2010 and 2022. The annual incidence increased steadily from 23 to 53 cases per 1 000 000 inhabitants between 2018 and 2022, with a peak observed in 2021 (67 cases per 1 000 000 inhabitants). Children aged 0–5 years accounted for 67% of cases; 81% of cases were unvaccinated. Multivariate analysis noted that the risk of measles was higher among children aged 0–5 years, in rural areas (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 1.26, p = 0.001), during COVID-19 (AOR 1.90 [95% confidence interval [CI] 1.80–2.02], p = 0.001), and in the absence of measles vaccination.
Conclusion: These measures against COVID-19 have resulted in a decrease in public demand for preventive health services such as vaccination due to fear of contracting COVID-19 in healthcare facilities.
Contribution: Guiding the fight against measles through innovative recommendations.