Original Research

Association between periodontal diseases and cardiovascular diseases in Cameroon

Lawrence E.E. Belinga, Williams B. Ngan, Daniel Lemougoum, Alain S.P.E. Nlo’o, Bienvenu Bongue, Annie Ngono, Samuel H. Mandengue, Malick Sembene
Journal of Public Health in Africa | Vol 9, No 1 | a937 | DOI: https://doi.org/10.4081/jphia.2018.761 | © 2024 Lawrence E.E. Belinga, Williams B. Ngan, Daniel Lemougoum, Alain S.P.E. Nlo’o, Bienvenu Bongue, Annie Ngono, Samuel H. Mandengue, Malick Sembene | This work is licensed under CC Attribution 4.0
Submitted: 19 November 2024 | Published: 21 May 2018

About the author(s)

Lawrence E.E. Belinga, Direction of Military Health Services, Yaoundé, Cameroon; and, Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Douala, Cameroon; and, EA 4607, Laboratory SNAEPIS, Université Jean Monnet St- Etienne, France
Williams B. Ngan, Direction of Military Health Services, Yaoundé, Cameroon; and, Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Douala, Cameroon; and, EA 4607, Laboratory SNAEPIS, Université Jean Monnet St- Etienne, France
Daniel Lemougoum, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, Cameroon
Alain S.P.E. Nlo’o, Direction of Military Health Services, Yaoundé, Cameroon
Bienvenu Bongue, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium
Annie Ngono, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Douala, Cameroon
Samuel H. Mandengue, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, Cameroon; and, Department of animal biology, Faculty of Science, University of Douala, Cameroon
Malick Sembene, Université Cheik Anta DIOP, Dakar, Senegal

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Abstract

To assess the association between periodontal diseases and cardiovascular diseases in dental patients in Cameroon, a prospective observational study was carried out in 3 hospitals in Cameroon from January 2013 to December 2015. Data on general condition, age, gender and lifestyle were collected during medical history taking. The Dutch Periodontal Screening Index assessed periodontal health during oral examination. The Wilcoxon test, the Fisher test and logistic regression analysis were performed. 558 patients (53.9% women) were included in the study. The mean age was 44±13 years (30 to 85). In terms of overall health, 161 (28.9%) had cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and 73 (13.1%) had diabetes. Hypertension accounted for 87.6% of CVD. In terms of periodontal diseases (PD), 431 (77.2%) patients had PD, the break-down by PD was 347 (62.2%) gingivitis and 84 (15%) periodontitis. Statistical associations were found between CVD and gingivitis [OR=4.30 (1.85-10.00), P=0.001], and CVD and periodontitis [OR=2.87 (1.04-7.93); P=0.04].

Keywords

periodontal diseases; cardiovascular diseases; diabetes; gingivitis; periodontitis

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