Work-life balance mediating stress and quality of life in academics during COVID-19 in Malaysia

Abstract

Background: Following the implementation of the Movement Control Order (MCO) during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, academicians from the universities in Malaysia needed to ensure that the quality-of-service delivery to the stakeholders is undisturbed by adopting new challenging norms. This compromises the work-life balance (WLB), causes more stress and potentially affects their quality of life (QoL).

Aim: This study investigates how perceived stress (PS) impacts the QoL of Malaysian academicians during the COVID-19 pandemic, focusing on the mediating role of WLB.

Setting: Academics working in Malaysia during COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: A cross-sectional study, using a voluntary response sampling method, was conducted among 417 academicians from universities in Malaysia in September 2021. A self-reported online questionnaire, measuring PS, WLB and QoL, was distributed.

Results: The QoL scored a mean of 50 (standard deviation [s.d.] = 9.84), PS scored a mean of 24.26 (s.d. = 8.19) and WLB had a mean score of 51.12 (s.d. = 18.73). Work-life balance was a significant mediator of PS and QoL (β = –0.43, 95% confidence interval [CI] = –0.52 to –0.35, p = 0.0001). Perceived stress was a significant predictor of WLB (β = 1.62, p = 0.0001).

Conclusion: Institutions should consider implementing flexible working arrangements, and providing workshops on crisis management, time management, and resilience. Stress coping methods are recommended for enhancing WLB among academicians.

Contribution: This study contributes to the pool of evidence to support intervention strategies and policy recommendations aimed to enhance well-being.